Compliance

How to Read a COA

A Certificate of Analysis (COA) is the lab-signed report that accompanies every legal cannabis product in Washington. Learning to read one takes about five minutes and puts you ahead of most consumers.

6 min

The header

Check the lab name, license number, sample ID, and collection date. The COA must match the batch/lot printed on the jar — if it doesn't, the paperwork isn't for the product in front of you.

In Washington, every I-502 batch is tested by an accredited lab and certified by the Washington State Department of Health before it can be sold at retail.

Cannabinoids

Total THC, THCa, CBD, CBDa, and minor cannabinoids are reported as a percentage by weight. For concentrates, total THC in the 60–85% range is normal — anything above that on a solventless product is worth a second look.

Higher isn't automatically better. Terpene content and cannabinoid diversity often matter more than the top-line THC number.

Terpenes

Look for individual terpenes reported as percentages, plus a total terpene percentage. A live rosin at 4%+ total terpenes is strong; 6%+ is exceptional.

If the terpene section is blank or shows a single "total" without a breakdown, the product either wasn't tested for terpenes or the lab didn't detect a meaningful amount.

Contaminants

Pesticides, heavy metals, residual solvents, mycotoxins, and microbials all have state action limits. Every result should read PASS or fall below the LOQ (limit of quantitation).

Solventless products should show zero residual solvents by definition — there was never a solvent to leave behind.

Takeaway

A COA is the single most honest document about any cannabis product. If a brand won't show you one, that's your answer.

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